It is apparent to me now that all you guys in both classes know how to find the concentration of a solution so we moved on to solubility and what factors can affect it.
First, let's define solubility...Solubility is the measure of how well a solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature. We discussed that the solubility of every solute is different and this is can be used to determine what the solute is without tasting it, which we would never do in an experiment.
Key Terms
Saturated solution - When a solution contains as much solute as the solvent can dissolve at a certain temperature.
Unsaturated solution - When a solution does not hold as much of a solute as possible at a given temperature. For example, if you put salt in a solution and it dissolves and you can add more salt to the solution and it will dissolve then the solution is said to be unsaturated.
Supersaturated solution - When more solute has been dissolved in a solution at a given temperature. When this solution is cooled down it is in a very unstable state so any disturbance will cause the extra solute in the solution to crystallize. This link below is a really cool example of when a super saturated solution of sodium acetate trihydrate is cooled and then disturbed.
- Sodium Acetate Trihydrate supersaturated solution
Disclaimer - I tried doing this several times at home with homemade stuff and did not work out so I am sorry you did not have the experience of seeing it first hand.
We looked at a solubility graph (above) of potassium nitrate and discovered that the line represents our saturation point at a given temperature and amount of potassium nitrate. Any point above the line would be considered a supersaturated solution while any solution under the line would be an unsaturated solution.
There are three things that can change the solubility of a substance and they are Temperature, Pressure, and Type of solvent.
Temperature - When the temperature of a solvent goes up the solubility of a solid solute goes UP while the solubility of a gas solute goes DOWN.
Pressure - Affects the solubility of gases, something called Henry's Law. It states that as pressure becomes greater, the solubility of a gas becomes greater. The example we talked about in class dealt with SCUBA diving and the bends. Below is a cool video that explains why whales don't get the bends by the company called Naked Science Scrapbook.
- Why whales don't get the bends
Type of solvent - This is the last thing that affect solubility and the term "like dissolves like" is usually the way people refer to it. "Like dissolves like" means that polar solutions will dissolve other polar solutions just as non-polar solutions will dissolve non-polar solutions. A good example of this in action is olive oil and vinegar. There is water in vinegar which is polar while oil is non-polar so therefore these two solutions will never stay mixed.
Here is a link to the sweet rap I told you about, it is a great review of what we covered over the last few days. Time to get down with...The Solubility Rap!
We began to talk about Acids and Bases and we will cover them in more details tomorrow. See you then.
First, let's define solubility...Solubility is the measure of how well a solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature. We discussed that the solubility of every solute is different and this is can be used to determine what the solute is without tasting it, which we would never do in an experiment.
Key Terms
Saturated solution - When a solution contains as much solute as the solvent can dissolve at a certain temperature.
Unsaturated solution - When a solution does not hold as much of a solute as possible at a given temperature. For example, if you put salt in a solution and it dissolves and you can add more salt to the solution and it will dissolve then the solution is said to be unsaturated.
Supersaturated solution - When more solute has been dissolved in a solution at a given temperature. When this solution is cooled down it is in a very unstable state so any disturbance will cause the extra solute in the solution to crystallize. This link below is a really cool example of when a super saturated solution of sodium acetate trihydrate is cooled and then disturbed.
- Sodium Acetate Trihydrate supersaturated solution
Disclaimer - I tried doing this several times at home with homemade stuff and did not work out so I am sorry you did not have the experience of seeing it first hand.
There are three things that can change the solubility of a substance and they are Temperature, Pressure, and Type of solvent.
Temperature - When the temperature of a solvent goes up the solubility of a solid solute goes UP while the solubility of a gas solute goes DOWN.
Pressure - Affects the solubility of gases, something called Henry's Law. It states that as pressure becomes greater, the solubility of a gas becomes greater. The example we talked about in class dealt with SCUBA diving and the bends. Below is a cool video that explains why whales don't get the bends by the company called Naked Science Scrapbook.
- Why whales don't get the bends
Type of solvent - This is the last thing that affect solubility and the term "like dissolves like" is usually the way people refer to it. "Like dissolves like" means that polar solutions will dissolve other polar solutions just as non-polar solutions will dissolve non-polar solutions. A good example of this in action is olive oil and vinegar. There is water in vinegar which is polar while oil is non-polar so therefore these two solutions will never stay mixed.
Here is a link to the sweet rap I told you about, it is a great review of what we covered over the last few days. Time to get down with...The Solubility Rap!
We began to talk about Acids and Bases and we will cover them in more details tomorrow. See you then.
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